Arima J, Whiteside L A, McCarthy D S, White S E
Biomechanical Research Laboratory, Missouri Bone and Joint Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63141, USA.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1995 Sep;77(9):1331-4. doi: 10.2106/00004623-199509000-00006.
The landmarks used to achieve correct rotational alignment of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty may be indistinguishable or unreliable in the distal architecture of a valgus knee. Five observers identified the anteroposterior axis, the posterior condylar axis, and the transepicondylar axis in thirty cadaveric femora to determine the reliability of the use of each axis in the operative setting. In addition, radiographs were made of the distal aspect of each femur, the axes were constructed, and the angles were measured and compared with the visual measurements made by the observers. A line drawn perpendicular to the anteroposterior axis consistently approximated 4 degrees of external rotation relative to the posterior condylar surfaces. The transepicondylar axis was more difficult to define and was not as accurate. The radiographic results were similar to the visual results, but the standard deviations for the former were less than those for the latter. The anteroposterior axis appears to be a reliable landmark for rotational alignment of the femoral component in a valgus knee.
在全膝关节置换术中用于实现股骨组件正确旋转对线的标志，在膝外翻膝关节的远端结构中可能难以区分或不可靠。五名观察者在30具尸体股骨中确定前后轴、后髁轴和经髁轴，以确定在手术环境中使用每个轴的可靠性。此外，对每根股骨的远端进行X线摄影，构建轴线，并测量角度，然后与观察者的视觉测量结果进行比较。相对于后髁表面，垂直于前后轴绘制的线始终近似于4度的外旋。经髁轴更难确定，且不够准确。X线摄影结果与视觉结果相似，但前者的标准差小于后者。前后轴似乎是膝外翻膝关节中股骨组件旋转对线的可靠标志。
