Hatcher R L, Barends A, Hansell J, Gutfreund M J
University of Michigan Psychological Clinic, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Aug;63(4):636-43. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.4.636.
The characteristically large general factor found in measures of the therapeutic alliance was analyzed by use of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a nested design. Ratings by 38 therapists and their 144 patients on the California Psychotherapy Alliance Scales (CALPAS), the Revised Penn Helping Alliance Questionnaire (HAQ-R), and the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) were adjusted for therapist effects. A set of models for patient and therapist ratings was tested with CFA, and a 3-factor model was confirmed, chi 2(4) = 7.19, p > .13; GFI = .98; RMSR = .02; CFI = 1.0. A shared-view factor (best represented by HAQ-R) accounted for 44% of patients' and 27% of therapists' variance. Unique factors (best represented by WAI) accounted for 56% of therapists' and 43% of patients' variance. Patient views split between HAQ (helpfulness) and WAI (goals, tasks) factors; The WAI factor was most expressive of therapist views. Patients and therapists tended to agree on helpfulness and on therapist clarity about goals and tasks. A multimeasure approach to alliance assessment is recommended.
在嵌套设计中，运用验证性因素分析（CFA）对治疗联盟测量中特有的大的一般因素进行了分析。38位治疗师及其144名患者对加利福尼亚心理治疗联盟量表（CALPAS）、修订版宾夕法尼亚帮助联盟问卷（HAQ-R）和工作联盟量表（WAI）的评分针对治疗师效应进行了调整。用CFA对一组患者和治疗师评分模型进行了检验，确认了一个三因素模型，卡方（4）=7.19，p>.13；GFI=.98；RMSR=.02；CFI=1.0。一个共同观点因素（由HAQ-R最佳代表）解释了患者方差的44%和治疗师方差的27%。独特因素（由WAI最佳代表）解释了治疗师方差的56%和患者方差的43%。患者的观点在HAQ（帮助性）和WAI（目标、任务）因素之间划分；WAI因素最能体现治疗师的观点。患者和治疗师在帮助性以及治疗师对目标和任务的清晰度方面倾向于达成一致。建议采用多测量方法进行联盟评估。
