Ng G Y, Oakes B W, Deacon O W, McLean I D, Lampard D
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
J Orthop Res. 1995 Jul;13(4):602-8. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100130416.
This study examined the biomechanics of anterior cruciate ligament-patellar tendon autografts for as long as 3 years after surgery. Twenty-seven adult female goats were tested; four served as controls and the others received an autograft to the right knee with each left knee serving as an additional control. The animals with grafts were tested at 0 week (n = 4), 6 weeks (n = 4), 12 weeks (n = 4), 24 weeks (n = 3), 1 year (n = 5), and 3 years (n = 3) after surgery. The anteroposterior laxity of the knee joint, load-relaxation, and structural and material properties of the graft were tested. The anteroposterior laxity was significantly greater than that of the controls for all groups except at 3 years. Load-relaxation was greater than that of the control anterior cruciate ligaments, but in the 1 and 3-year grafts load-relaxation was less than that of the patellar tendons with 5 minutes of sustained loading. Between 12 and 52 weeks, the stiffness and modulus of the grafts increased 3-fold, but the improvement was slow afterward. At 3 years, the strength and stiffness of the grafts were 44 and 49% those of the control ligaments, respectively; the modulus was 37 and 46% that of the control anterior cruciate ligaments and patellar tendons, respectively. The persistent inferior mechanical performance at 3 years suggests that anterior cruciate ligament grafts may never attain normal strength.
本研究对前交叉韧带 - 髌腱自体移植术后长达3年的生物力学进行了研究。对27只成年雌性山羊进行了测试；4只作为对照，其余的右侧膝关节接受自体移植，左侧膝关节作为额外对照。接受移植的动物在术后0周（n = 4）、6周（n = 4）、12周（n = 4）、24周（n = 3）、1年（n = 5）和3年（n = 3）进行测试。测试了膝关节的前后松弛度、负荷松弛以及移植物的结构和材料特性。除3年组外，所有组的前后松弛度均显著大于对照组。负荷松弛大于对照前交叉韧带，但在1年和3年的移植物中，持续加载5分钟时的负荷松弛小于髌腱。在12至52周之间，移植物的刚度和模量增加了3倍，但此后改善缓慢。在3年时，移植物的强度和刚度分别为对照韧带的44%和49%；模量分别为对照前交叉韧带和髌腱的37%和46%。3年时持续较差的力学性能表明前交叉韧带移植物可能永远无法达到正常强度。
