Van Camp S P, Bloor C M, Mueller F O, Cantu R C, Olson H G
Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 May;27(5):641-7.
Nontraumatic deaths occur each year in organized high school and college athletics, resulting in considerable public concern. We conducted a study of the frequency and causes of nontraumatic sports deaths in high school and college athletes in the USA through the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research to define the magnitude of this problem and its causes. Over a 10-yr period, July 1983-June 1993, nontraumatic sports deaths were reported in 126 high school athletes (115 males and 11 females) and 34 college athletes (31 males and 3 females). Estimated death rates in male athletes were fivefold higher than in female athletes (7.47 vs 1.33 per million athletes per year, P < 0.0001), and twofold higher in male college athletes than in male high school athletes (14.50 vs 6.60 per million athletes per year, P < 0.0001). Cardiovascular conditions were more common causes of death than noncardiovascular conditions. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and congenital coronary artery anomalies were the most common causes of death. In high school and college athletes, males are at increased risk for nontraumatic sports deaths compared with females even after adjustment for participation frequency; college males are at greater risk than high school males. In all groups the deaths were primarily due to cardiovascular conditions.
在美国，每年在有组织的高中和大学体育运动中都会发生非创伤性死亡事件，这引起了公众的广泛关注。我们通过国家灾难性运动损伤研究中心，对美国高中和大学运动员非创伤性运动死亡的频率和原因进行了一项研究，以明确这一问题的严重程度及其成因。在1983年7月至1993年6月的10年期间，有报告称126名高中运动员（115名男性和11名女性）和34名大学运动员（31名男性和3名女性）发生了非创伤性运动死亡。男性运动员的估计死亡率比女性运动员高五倍（每年每百万运动员中分别为7.47人和1.33人，P<0.0001），男性大学生运动员的死亡率比男性高中生运动员高两倍（每年每百万运动员中分别为14.50人和6.60人，P<0.0001）。心血管疾病比非心血管疾病更常见于死亡原因。肥厚型心肌病和先天性冠状动脉异常是最常见的死亡原因。在高中和大学运动员中，即使在对参与频率进行调整后，男性发生非创伤性运动死亡的风险仍高于女性；大学男性的风险高于高中男性。在所有群体中，死亡主要是由心血管疾病导致的。
