Caspersen C J, Merritt R K
Cardiovascular Health Studies Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 May;27(5):713-20.
Data to monitor physical activity from large, representative samples are rare. Therefore, we conducted standardized telephone surveys for 26 states participating in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from 1986 through 1990. More than 34,800 adults aged 18 and older responded annually. We scored leisure time physical activity data into four patterns: 1) physically inactive, 2) irregularly active, 3) regularly active, not intensive, and 4) regularly active, intensive. Over time, roughly 6 in 10 persons were physically inactive or irregularly active. While almost 4 in 10 persons were regularly active, less than 1 in 10 were regularly active, intensive. There were statistically significant decreases (-2.3%) in physically inactive persons and significant increases (+2.1%) in persons classified as regularly active, intensive. The irregularly active pattern did not change, while only men of all ages and men less than age 30 increased the regularly active, not intensive pattern (+1.7% and +3.8, respectively). Improvements across the activity patterns varied by demographic group: women and older adults made the most beneficial changes, while races other than white and the least educated groups had unfavorable changes. Despite many improvements, most persons still did little or no physical activity, signaling the need for enhanced intervention efforts.
来自大型代表性样本的监测身体活动的数据很少。因此，我们在1986年至1990年期间对参与行为危险因素监测系统的26个州进行了标准化电话调查。每年有超过34800名18岁及以上的成年人做出回应。我们将休闲时间身体活动数据分为四种模式：1）身体不活动，2）不定期活动，3）定期活动但不剧烈，4）定期活动且剧烈。随着时间的推移，大约十分之六的人身体不活动或不定期活动。虽然近十分之四的人定期活动，但不到十分之一的人定期剧烈活动。身体不活动的人有统计学意义的下降（-2.3%），而被归类为定期剧烈活动的人有显著增加（+2.1%）。不定期活动模式没有变化，而所有年龄段的男性和30岁以下的男性仅增加了定期活动但不剧烈的模式（分别为+1.7%和+3.8%）。不同活动模式的改善因人口群体而异：女性和老年人的变化最有益，而白人以外的种族和受教育程度最低的群体有不利变化。尽管有许多改善，但大多数人仍然很少或根本不进行身体活动，这表明需要加强干预措施。
