MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1995 Sep 29;44(38):716-8.
Each year in the United States approximately 2500 infants are born with spina bifida and anencephaly (1), and an estimated 1500 fetuses affected by these birth defects are aborted. Recent studies indicate that the B vitamin folic acid can reduce the risk for spina bifida and anencephaly by at least 50% when consumed daily before conception and during early pregnancy. In September 1992, the Public Health Service (PHS) recommended that all women of childbearing age who are capable of becoming pregnant consume 0.4 mg of folic acid daily (1). Folic acid can be obtained from multivitamins or other supplements containing folic acid and some breakfast cereals. This report summarizes the results of a survey conducted during January-February 1995 regarding knowledge and practices of women of childbearing age in the United States about consumption of folic acid from supplements and breakfast cereals.
在美国，每年约有2500名婴儿患有脊柱裂和无脑畸形（1），据估计，有1500名受这些出生缺陷影响的胎儿被流产。最近的研究表明，在受孕前和怀孕早期每天摄入B族维生素叶酸可将脊柱裂和无脑畸形的风险降低至少50%。1992年9月，公共卫生服务部（PHS）建议所有有怀孕能力的育龄妇女每天摄入0.4毫克叶酸（1）。叶酸可以从多种维生素或其他含叶酸的补充剂以及一些早餐谷物中获取。本报告总结了1995年1月至2月期间就美国育龄妇女从补充剂和早餐谷物中摄入叶酸的知识和做法进行的一项调查结果。
