Becker N, Chambliss C, Marsh C, Montemayor R
Department of Psychology, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA 19426-1000, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 1995 Apr;80(2):411-5. doi: 10.2466/pms.1995.80.2.411.
Previous research has yielded an inconclusive picture of the effects of music and scent on walking. Few laboratory studies have detected a beneficial effect of music; olfactory research has shown performance is positively affected for repetitive tasks but not yet on walking. The influence of these two types of stimuli in efficiency of exercise among seniors was assessed by measuring distance walked on an indoor course. Using a 3 x 3 factorial design [mellow music in 4:4 time, frenetic music in 2:8 time, and white noise by stimulating, relaxing, and control scent conditions], each of 20 volunteers from a senior center received nine randomized, 90-sec. exercise trials. Walking distance was reduced by mellow music but unaffected by stimulating music; there was no effect of scent.
先前的研究对于音乐和气味对行走的影响尚未得出明确结论。很少有实验室研究发现音乐有有益影响；嗅觉研究表明，重复性任务的表现会受到积极影响，但行走方面尚未有此发现。通过测量在室内路线上行走的距离，评估了这两种刺激对老年人运动效率的影响。采用3×3析因设计[4:4拍的舒缓音乐、2:8拍的狂热音乐以及通过刺激、放松和对照气味条件的白噪音]，来自一个老年中心的20名志愿者每人接受了9次随机的、90秒的运动试验。舒缓音乐会减少行走距离，但刺激音乐对其没有影响；气味没有产生效果。
