Sunshine J H, Burkhardt J H, Deitch C H, Chan W C
Research Department, American College of Radiology, Reston, VA 22091, USA.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995 Oct;165(4):797-801. doi: 10.2214/ajr.165.4.7676969.
In response to concern throughout the profession about the employment market for radiologists in the United States, the American College of Radiology, through several information-gathering activities, is monitoring the situation, including the amount of hiring done, job vacancies, and unemployment. To provide context, we compare our findings with data for earlier years and for all physicians.
The American College of Radiology undertook systematic sample surveys of approximately 60 training program directors with regard to their graduates; 3000 radiologists with regard to unemployment; and 400 radiology groups with regard to hiring. Good response rates (> or = 70%) were achieved; separate data for radiation oncology and diagnostic radiology are generally available. Data on use of the College's placement service also are presented.
Among trainees completing a diagnostic radiology fellowship or a radiation oncology residency in 1994, 1% (standard error = 1%) were unemployed in December 1994 and 15% (standard error = 4%) were working in jobs not in keeping with their training and employment goals. Among all radiologists, the 1994 unemployment rate was 0.5% (standard error = 0.2%). Radiology groups were hiring for approximately 1600 positions in 1994, of which about three fifths were replacements and two fifths were expansions. After hiring was completed, remaining vacancies numbered approximately 400, or 2% of the radiology workforce. In early 1995, program directors reported that trainees completing a residency or fellowship in 1995 were having greater difficulty finding positions than had their 1994 counterparts.
The unemployment rate for radiologists was similar to that for all physicians and lower than that for other persons with advanced degrees (1.5-2%). In 1994, expansion positions for which groups were hiring nearly equaled the growth of the radiology workforce. However, 1994 hiring (and vacancy) rates were only approximately 70% of 1991 levels. It is clear that the employment market is weakening; however, contrary to some anecdotal reports, a large-scale collapse has not occurred.
为回应整个行业对美国放射科医生就业市场的担忧，美国放射学会通过多项信息收集活动对该情况进行监测，包括招聘数量、职位空缺和失业情况。为提供背景信息，我们将研究结果与前些年及所有医生的数据进行比较。
美国放射学会对约60名培训项目主任就其毕业生情况进行了系统抽样调查；对3000名放射科医生进行了失业情况调查；对400个放射科团体进行了招聘情况调查。获得了较高的回应率（≥70%）；一般可获取放射肿瘤学和诊断放射学的单独数据。还呈现了有关该学会就业服务使用情况的数据。
在1994年完成诊断放射学 fellowship 或放射肿瘤学住院医师培训的学员中，1994年12月有1%（标准误 = 1%）失业，15%（标准误 = 4%）从事的工作不符合其培训和就业目标。在所有放射科医生中，1994年的失业率为0.5%（标准误 = 0.2%）。放射科团体在1994年招聘约1600个职位，其中约五分之三是替换职位，五分之二是新增职位。招聘完成后，剩余空缺约400个，占放射科劳动力的2%。1995年初，项目主任报告称，1995年完成住院医师培训或 fellowship 的学员比1994年的同行更难找到工作。
放射科医生的失业率与所有医生的失业率相似，且低于其他拥有高级学位者的失业率（1.5 - 2%）。1994年，各团体招聘的新增职位数量几乎与放射科劳动力的增长数量相当。然而，1994年的招聘（和空缺）率仅约为1991年水平的70%。显然就业市场正在疲软；然而，与一些传闻报道相反，并未发生大规模崩溃。
