Knasmüller S, Zöhrer E, Kainzbauer E, Kienzl H, Colbert B, Lamprecht G, Schulte-Hermann R
Institute for Tumor Biology, University of Vienna, Austria.
Mutat Res. 1993 Mar;299(1):45-53. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(93)90118-w.
A hundred and ninety-six textile samples were tested in a modified version of the Salmonella/microsome assay for release of mutagenic contaminants. As heat sterilization of the samples can result in reduction of mutagenic activity, tests were performed with streptomycin resistant derivatives of Salmonella tester strains TA98 and TA100. Textile samples were preincubated in buffered saline (PBS), DMSO or ethanol. Subsequently, the fabrics were placed on streptomycin supplemented selective agar plates. In total, 18 samples (9.2%) exerted mutagenic activity. DMSO was the most effective solvent (15 positives) followed by ethanol (9 positive samples) and PBS (7 positives). Most fabrics (16) caused mutagenic effects only upon metabolic activation with liver S9 mix. Chemical analysis indicates that the positive results obtained with PBS are not due to release of histidine or formaldehyde. Three directly active samples gave negative results in strain TA98NR which is devoid of classical nitroreductase. With one exception all other textiles were negative in strain TA98/1,8-DNP6 (which lacks O-acetyltransferase). These findings indicate that nitroaromatics and amines might be responsible for the mutagenic effects of the textiles.
在沙门氏菌/微粒体试验的改良版本中，对196个纺织品样本进行了诱变污染物释放测试。由于样本的热灭菌会导致诱变活性降低，因此使用了沙门氏菌测试菌株TA98和TA100的链霉素抗性衍生物进行测试。纺织品样本在缓冲盐水（PBS）、二甲基亚砜（DMSO）或乙醇中预孵育。随后，将织物放置在添加了链霉素的选择性琼脂平板上。总共18个样本（9.2%）表现出诱变活性。DMSO是最有效的溶剂（15个阳性），其次是乙醇（9个阳性样本）和PBS（7个阳性）。大多数织物（16个）仅在与肝脏S9混合物进行代谢活化时才产生诱变作用。化学分析表明，PBS获得的阳性结果不是由于组氨酸或甲醛的释放。三个直接具有活性的样本在缺乏经典硝基还原酶的TA98NR菌株中给出了阴性结果。除了一个例外，所有其他纺织品在TA98/1,8-二硝基苯酚6菌株（缺乏O-乙酰基转移酶）中均为阴性。这些发现表明，硝基芳烃和胺可能是纺织品诱变作用的原因。
