Seifert E, Schadel A
HNO-Klinik am Klinikum Mannheim, Fakultät für Klinische Medizin, Universität Heidelberg.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1993 Apr;72(4):193-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997883.
The occurrence of peptidergic nerve fibres containing substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the cerebral arteries and arterioles is well known. NPY is a vasoconstrictor, while SP, CGRP and VIP induce cerebrovascular dilatation. Vascular dysregulation of the vasa nervorum of the facial nerve is believed to be a central factor in the pathogenesis of Bell's palsy. Hilger's theory of the primary and/or secondary oedema which is followed by the vicious circle is generally accepted. It was our aim to describe the occurrence and distribution of neuropeptides in the blood vessels of the facial nerve. We examined the facial nerves of 6 male Wistar rats using the indirect immunofluorescence technique. There is not only a characteristic distribution of the neuropeptides in different parts of the facial nerves, but there are also beaded axons of sensory nerve fibers, which are localised freely in the endoneurium. These SP and CGRP containing beaded axons which densely innervate the nerve in the bony canal, are capable of inducing an oedema by neurogenic inflammation. Our findings suggest that there must be a vascular regulation in the facial nerve which is controlled by various neuropeptides.
含P物质（SP）、降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）和神经肽Y（NPY）的肽能神经纤维在脑动脉和小动脉中的存在已为人熟知。神经肽Y是一种血管收缩剂，而P物质、降钙素基因相关肽和血管活性肠肽可引起脑血管扩张。面神经血管神经的血管调节异常被认为是贝尔面瘫发病机制的一个核心因素。希尔格关于原发性和/或继发性水肿随后形成恶性循环的理论已被普遍接受。我们的目的是描述神经肽在面神经血管中的存在情况和分布。我们使用间接免疫荧光技术检查了6只雄性Wistar大鼠的面神经。神经肽不仅在面神经的不同部位有特征性分布，而且在神经内膜中还存在自由定位的感觉神经纤维的串珠状轴突。这些含有P物质和降钙素基因相关肽的串珠状轴突密集地支配骨管内的神经，能够通过神经源性炎症诱导水肿。我们的研究结果表明，面神经中必定存在由各种神经肽控制的血管调节。
