Ye X D, Laties A M, Stone R A
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Scheie Eye Institute, Philadelphia 19104-6075.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990 Sep;31(9):1731-7.
Using immunocytochemistry, the authors studied the peptidergic innervation to the vasculature of the optic nerve and retina in the rhesus monkey and rat. In the monkey, beaded nerve fibers immunoreactive to the vasoactive peptides, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), are present in the adventitia and perivascular space along the course of the central retinal artery within the optic nerve. The CGRP and SP immunoreactivities fully co-localize. Perivascular peptidergic nerve fibers terminate as the blood vessel enters the globe and do not follow the branches of the central retinal artery inside the eye. Within the substance of the optic nerve behind the lamina cribrosa, small blood vessels occasionally are supplied with CGRP-, SP-, and sometimes NPY- or VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers. Of special note, fine nerve fibers not clearly related to blood vessels are seen within the lamina cribrosa; their simultaneous immunoreactivity to CGRP and SP suggests a sensory function. In the rat as in the monkey, the retinal arterioles beyond the surface of the optic disc lack evident peptidergic innervation. Perhaps an explanation for the known physiologic reactivity of the retinal circulation to neurohumors in the absence of recognizable peripheral innervation can be based on comparison to the brain where intraparenchymal blood vessels may be regulated by local neurons. Since the inner plexiform layer has abundant amacrine-derived nerve processes containing classical neurotransmitters and/or neuropeptides, a local mechanism coupled to intrinsic retinal activity might contribute to the regulation of the circulation.
作者运用免疫细胞化学方法，研究了恒河猴和大鼠视神经及视网膜血管的肽能神经支配。在猴子中，沿视神经内视网膜中央动脉走行的外膜和血管周围间隙中，存在对血管活性肽、降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）、神经肽Y（NPY）、P物质（SP）和血管活性肠肽（VIP）呈免疫反应的串珠状神经纤维。CGRP和SP免疫反应性完全共定位。血管周围的肽能神经纤维在血管进入眼球时终止，并不跟随眼内视网膜中央动脉的分支。在筛板后方的视神经实质内，小血管偶尔会有CGRP、SP免疫反应性神经纤维供应，有时还有NPY或VIP免疫反应性神经纤维。特别值得注意的是，在筛板内可见一些与血管无明显关联的细神经纤维；它们对CGRP和SP的同时免疫反应性提示其具有感觉功能。与猴子一样，在大鼠中，视神经盘表面以外的视网膜小动脉缺乏明显的肽能神经支配。在没有可识别的外周神经支配的情况下，视网膜循环对神经体液具有已知的生理反应性，对此的一种解释可能是与大脑进行比较，在大脑中实质内血管可能由局部神经元调节。由于内网状层有丰富的由无长突细胞衍生的神经突起，含有经典神经递质和/或神经肽，一种与视网膜内在活动相关的局部机制可能有助于调节血液循环。
