In vivo microdialysis study of the extracellular 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the rat locus ceruleus: topographical and pharmacological aspects.

In vivo microdialysis coupled with HPLC and electrochemical detection was used to monitor extracellular levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) of the locus ceruleus (LC) in halothane-anesthetized rats. The identity of DOPAC was confirmed by experiments showing that the chromatographic peak was totally suppressed after inhibition of monoamine oxidase by pargyline. Histological examinations allowed to relate the quantity of DOPAC measured in the dialysates with the localization of the probe implantation site. We found that the DOPAC concentration was inversely proportional to the distance between the probe and the lateral border of the LC. Regardless of the caudorostral level of the nucleus, concentrations were maximal when the axis of the probe was 100 microns from the lateral border of the LC and decreased by 53% when this distance reached 300 microns. Activation of LC noradrenergic neurons by systemic administration of the alpha 2-antagonist piperoxane increased by 100% DOPAC concentrations in LC dialysates. These results suggest that the DOPAC measured by microdialysis could be considered an indicator of the functional state of LC noradrenergic neurons.