Black M M, Sonnenschein S
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1993 Jun;14(3):150-5.
Factors that contribute to developmental vulnerability were examined in a 4-year follow-up of 31 children who, as infants, had participated in an investigation of the relationship between recurrent otitis media and developmental status. The children in this inner-city sample experienced significant decline in their language and developmental status regardless of their history with otitis media. Findings support a threshold model of risk, suggesting that otitis media does not necessarily pose an additional stress to the language and cognitive development of low-income, inner-city children. In keeping with theoretical models by Vygotsky and Rutter, maternal cognitive growth fostering facilitated children's language development by serving as a compensatory factor, counteracting the potential impact of recurrent otitis media.
在对31名儿童进行的4年随访中，研究了导致发育易损性的因素。这些儿童在婴儿期曾参与一项关于复发性中耳炎与发育状况之间关系的调查。这个市中心样本中的儿童，无论其中耳炎病史如何，其语言和发育状况都出现了显著下降。研究结果支持一种风险阈值模型，表明中耳炎不一定会给低收入的市中心儿童的语言和认知发展带来额外压力。与维果茨基和鲁特的理论模型一致，母亲促进认知成长起到了补偿因素的作用，通过抵消复发性中耳炎的潜在影响，促进了儿童的语言发展。
