Lynch J H
Division of Urology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007.
J Fam Pract. 1993 Nov;37(5):488-94.
Many patients with prostate cancer present with advanced disease (stage C or D). For these patients, treatment is palliative and is aimed at reducing serum testosterone levels. Since the growth of prostate cancer is testosterone-dependent (approximately 95% of testosterone is produced by the testes, with the remainder coming from the adrenals), hormonal manipulation has been the mainstay of palliative treatment. Bilateral orchiectomy has been the traditional approach, but most patients prefer equally effective drug therapies that include the administration of estrogens, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, and anti-androgens.
许多前列腺癌患者就诊时已处于疾病晚期（C期或D期）。对于这些患者，治疗是姑息性的，旨在降低血清睾酮水平。由于前列腺癌的生长依赖睾酮（约95%的睾酮由睾丸产生，其余来自肾上腺），激素调控一直是姑息治疗的主要手段。双侧睾丸切除术一直是传统方法，但大多数患者更倾向于同样有效的药物治疗，包括使用雌激素、促黄体生成素释放激素（LHRH）激动剂和抗雄激素药物。
