Topinková E
Department of Geriatrics/Gerontology, Institute of Postgraduate Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 1994 Dec;2(2):118-21.
Old people over 65 are now the most rapidly growing segment of the population and represent 13% of all Czech inhabitants. Because of the high prevalence of morbidity and disability among the elderly they are the most important consumers of health care services, both extramural and intramural. They consume about 1/3 of the total expenditures on the health care, 40-50% of the general practitioner's time, 40% of prescribed drugs, and over 30% of all hospital days. An important additional consequence of population aging are the increasing needs and costs of long-term care. During the past 30 years, health services for the elderly have been developed and geriatric and chronic care medicine have become an integral part of the contemporary medical enterprise. The past few years of political and economical transformation have brought about significant changes in health and social care and they are having a great impact on the provision of services. In light of the demographic projections and steadily increasing costs of health care, what are the contemporary changes and what should be the future development of health care services for the elderly?
65岁以上的老年人是目前人口中增长最快的群体，占捷克所有居民的13%。由于老年人中发病率和残疾率很高，他们是医疗保健服务（包括校外和校内）的最重要消费者。他们消费了医疗保健总支出的约1/3、全科医生40 - 50%的工作时间、40%的处方药以及超过30%的住院天数。人口老龄化的一个重要额外后果是长期护理需求和成本的增加。在过去30年中，针对老年人的医疗服务得到了发展，老年医学和慢性病护理医学已成为当代医疗事业不可或缺的一部分。过去几年的政治和经济转型给卫生和社会护理带来了重大变化，这些变化对服务提供产生了巨大影响。鉴于人口预测和医疗保健成本的稳步上升，老年人医疗保健服务的当代变化有哪些，未来发展应该是怎样的？
