Eradication of Helicobacter pylori reduces the possibility of rebleeding in peptic ulcer disease.

A close relationship has been found between Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease. Furthermore, eradication of H. pylori is associated with low recurrence rates. The aim of the present study was to examine whether eradication of H. pylori has any impact on the complications of ulcers, such as bleeding. Thirty-one patients hospitalized for duodenal ulcer bleeding, undergoing conservative treatment and with a previous history of bleeding, comprised the group studied. All patients had emergency endoscopy, and tests for H. pylori proved to be positive in all. After discharge, patients were given omeprazole 20 mg daily for 4 weeks for ulcer healing, which was achieved in all patients (100%). After this, patients were randomized to receive either omeprazole 20 mg t.i.d. alone (group O, n = 15) or the combination of omeprazole 20 mg t.i.d. + amoxicillin 500 mg q.i.d. (group O + A, n = 16) for 2 weeks. Endoscopy was performed 4 weeks after treatment ended to check for eradication of H. pylori and again when rebleeding or symptomatic relapse occurred. Groups O and O + A were similar in age, sex, smoking habits, and NSAID use. The follow-up period was 12 months for both groups. Eradication was achieved in 2 of 15 (13.3%) patients in group O and in 13 of 16 (81.3%) patients in group O + A (p < .001). Five patients rebled during follow-up. All of them belonged to group O and were patients in whom eradication had failed. In contrast, none of group O + A had rebleeding (p = 0.18).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)