Orozco-Hernandez J R, Brisson G J, Girard V
Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval Sainte-Foy, PQ, Canada.
J Dairy Sci. 1994 Dec;77(12):3644-54. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77309-4.
Eighteen midlactation Holstein cows, averaging 80 to 125 d of lactation, were used in a trial of switchback design to evaluate two timothy silages, wilted or direct-cut and treated with formic acid, and three treatments, control, NaHCO3 added at 2% of DM, or juice-extracted grass pellets replacing 30% silage DM. Cows fed direct-cut silage that had been treated with formic acid consumed more DM (19.8 vs. 18.6 kg/d) than those fed wilted silage. The DMI was also increased with NaHCO3 and grass pellet treatments. However, NaHCO3 reduced digestibility of most nutrients without affecting pH of rumen fluid or degradation of DM and NDF. Compared with wilted silage, direct-cut silage that had been treated with formic acid contained more degradable NDF (86 vs. 84.5%). Milk yield (24.9 vs. 23.6 kg/d) was higher for cows fed direct-cut than wilted silage, but 4% FCM yield remained unchanged. Addition of NaHCO3 tended to increase yields of milk and 4% FCM. Treatments did not affect milk composition. Serum urea N was higher for cows fed the direct-cut silage than for cows fed wilted silage. Silage type had more impact on feed intake and performance than did NaHCO3 or juice-extracted grass pellets.
选用18头处于泌乳中期的荷斯坦奶牛,平均泌乳天数为80至125天,采用折返式设计试验,以评估两种经甲酸处理的梯牧草青贮料(萎蔫青贮或直接青贮),以及三种处理方式:对照、添加占干物质2%的碳酸氢钠、或用榨汁草颗粒替代30%青贮料干物质。饲喂经甲酸处理的直接青贮料的奶牛比饲喂萎蔫青贮料的奶牛消耗更多干物质(19.8对18.6千克/天)。碳酸氢钠和草颗粒处理也提高了干物质采食量。然而,碳酸氢钠降低了大多数养分的消化率,而不影响瘤胃液pH值或干物质和中性洗涤纤维的降解。与萎蔫青贮料相比,经甲酸处理的直接青贮料含有更多可降解中性洗涤纤维(86%对84.5%)。饲喂直接青贮料的奶牛产奶量(24.9对23.6千克/天)高于饲喂萎蔫青贮料的奶牛,但4%乳脂校正乳产量保持不变。添加碳酸氢钠倾向于提高牛奶和4%乳脂校正乳的产量。处理方式不影响牛奶成分。饲喂直接青贮料的奶牛血清尿素氮高于饲喂萎蔫青贮料的奶牛。青贮料类型对采食量和生产性能的影响大于碳酸氢钠或榨汁草颗粒。