Das J P, Mishra R K
Developmental Disabilities Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Res Dev Disabil. 1995 Jan-Feb;16(1):11-25. doi: 10.1016/0891-4222(94)00032-5.
Cognitive processes and their decline with aging were studied in individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) and individuals of comparable mental handicap without Down Syndrome (NonDS). The cognitive processes were measured by tests of Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, and Successive processing. The DS and NonDS samples were divided into age groups of 26-40 years (DS = 23, NonDS = 23) and 41-60 years (DS = 8, NonDS = 18). Analyses of variance using factor scores demonstrated articulation to be significantly poorer in the DS sample at and above 40 years. Specifically, the tests that showed the interaction effects between DS/NonDS and the two age groups were Number Finding, Expressive Attention, and Speech Rate. When the cutoff age was raised to 50 years, an additional Attention and Planning task (Receptive Attention and Matching Numbers) also showed the interaction effect. These tests hold the promise for diagnosing early signs of dementia of Alzheimer type. Implications for rehabilitation are described.
对唐氏综合征（DS）患者以及无唐氏综合征的智力残疾程度相当者（非DS）的认知过程及其随年龄增长的衰退情况进行了研究。认知过程通过计划、注意力、同时性和继时性加工测试来衡量。DS组和非DS组样本被分为26 - 40岁年龄组（DS = 23人，非DS = 23人）和41 - 60岁年龄组（DS = 8人，非DS = 18人）。使用因子得分进行的方差分析表明，40岁及以上的DS样本在清晰度方面明显较差。具体而言，显示DS/非DS与两个年龄组之间存在交互作用的测试包括数字查找、表达性注意力和语速。当截止年龄提高到50岁时，另外两项注意力和计划任务（接受性注意力和数字匹配）也显示出交互作用。这些测试有望用于诊断阿尔茨海默病型痴呆的早期迹象。文中描述了其对康复的意义。
