King J E
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
J Comp Psychol. 1995 Mar;109(1):34-41. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.109.1.34.
Manual laterality of cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) was observed for five different types of reaching. The tamarins displayed species-level right-handedness for spontaneous grasping for food but not for one-arm vertical suspension or any of 3 other types of elicited reaching. The results showed that difficult or novel tasks are neither necessary nor sufficient for the emergence of species-level handedness. Accuracy in retrieving food from a rotating platform was greatest (a) for highly lateralized tamarins, (b) when the preferred hands were used for reaching, (c) for young tamarins, and (d) when the tamarins stood on a narrow, unstable platform instead of a wide, stable one. The results suggest that evolution of species-level handedness is dependent on prior natural selection for increased manual performance that accompanies strongly lateralized hand preferences.
观察了棉顶狨（Saguinus oedipus）在五种不同类型够物行为中的手动偏好。在自发抓取食物时，棉顶狨表现出物种水平的右利手，但在单臂垂直悬吊或其他三种引发够物行为中则不然。结果表明，困难或新颖的任务对于物种水平利手的出现既非必要条件也非充分条件。从旋转平台获取食物的准确性在以下情况下最高：（a）对于高度偏侧化的棉顶狨；（b）当使用偏好的手进行够物时；（c）对于幼年棉顶狨；（d）当棉顶狨站在狭窄、不稳定的平台上而非宽阔、稳定的平台上时。结果表明，物种水平利手的进化取决于先前为提高手动性能而进行的自然选择，而这种提高伴随着强烈的偏侧化手部偏好。
