Mehler M F, Kessler J A
Department of Neurology, Rose F. Kennedy Center for Research in Mental Retardation an Human Development, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y. 10461.
Dev Neurosci. 1994;16(3-4):180-95. doi: 10.1159/000112105.
Recent experimental investigations have redefined the spectrum of growth factors and developmental signalling pathways that are necessary to orchestrate the growth and differentiation of regional neuronal subpopulations. Gene knockout studies of the classic neurotrophins and their high-affinity tyrosine kinase (Trk) receptors have refined our definition of the cellular mechanisms and target populations of these neuronotrophic factors. Recognition of the significant parallels that exist between neuropoiesis and hematolymphopoiesis has fostered our study of the range and cellular actions of these hemopoietins in neuronal development. In addition, by activating receptor subunits that possess serine/threonine activity, bone morphogenetic proteins of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily exhibit complex spatiotemporal regulation of regional neuronal subpopulations. These collective observations suggest that a complex hierarchy of epigenetic signals is required for the growth and maturation of regional neuronal lineage species in the central and peripheral mammalian nervous system.
最近的实验研究重新定义了生长因子和发育信号通路的范围，这些对于协调局部神经元亚群的生长和分化是必需的。对经典神经营养因子及其高亲和力酪氨酸激酶（Trk）受体的基因敲除研究，完善了我们对这些神经营养因子的细胞机制和靶细胞群的定义。认识到神经发生和造血淋巴生成之间存在的显著相似性，促进了我们对这些造血因子在神经元发育中的作用范围和细胞作用的研究。此外，通过激活具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸活性的受体亚基，转化生长因子-β超家族的骨形态发生蛋白对局部神经元亚群表现出复杂的时空调节。这些共同的观察结果表明，在中枢和外周哺乳动物神经系统中，局部神经元谱系种类的生长和成熟需要复杂的表观遗传信号层次结构。
