Huey R B, Wakefield T, Crill W D, Gilchrist G W
Department of Zoology NJ-15, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Heredity (Edinb). 1995 Feb;74 ( Pt 2):216-23. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1995.30.
We used a repeated-measures, four-factor experimental design to determine how the fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster during the first 5 days of adult life was influenced by paternal, maternal, developmental and laying temperature, with two different temperature levels (18 degrees C vs. 25 degrees C) per factor. Laying temperature had by far the largest effect on fecundity and accounted for 79 per cent of the variance in overall fecundity: flies laying at 25 degrees C began laying eggs about a day earlier and had much higher daily fecundities than did those laying at 18 degrees C. Developmental temperature had no significant effect either on overall fecundity or on the pattern of daily egg production. Dam temperature had a slight effect on the pattern of daily egg production, but not on overall fecundity. In contrast, sire temperature slightly influenced both overall fecundity and the pattern of daily egg production. Our results demonstrate that early fecundity is extraordinarily sensitive to laying temperature (360 per cent increase if laying at 25 degrees C vs. at 18 degrees C), but is relatively well buffered against developmental and cross-generational effects (maximum effect only 7 per cent, for sire temperature).
我们采用重复测量四因素实验设计，以确定父本、母本、发育温度和产卵温度如何影响黑腹果蝇成虫期前5天的繁殖力，每个因素设置两个不同温度水平（18摄氏度和25摄氏度）。产卵温度对繁殖力的影响最大，占总繁殖力方差的79%：在25摄氏度下产卵的果蝇比在18摄氏度下产卵的果蝇大约提前一天开始产卵，且日产卵量高得多。发育温度对总繁殖力或每日产卵模式均无显著影响。母本温度对每日产卵模式有轻微影响，但对总繁殖力无影响。相比之下，父本温度对总繁殖力和每日产卵模式均有轻微影响。我们的结果表明，早期繁殖力对产卵温度异常敏感（25摄氏度下产卵比18摄氏度下产卵增加360%），但对发育和跨代效应具有较好的缓冲作用（父本温度的最大影响仅为7%）。
