Alexander N B, Fry-Welch D K, Marshall L M, Chung C C, Kowalski A M
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995 Apr;43(4):338-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb05804.x.
To describe the differences between healthy young and older women in regards to trunk elevation and hip pivot motions when rising from a supine to a seated position.
Cross-sectional comparison.
University laboratory.
Two groups of healthy female volunteers: young adult female controls (n = 22, mean age 23.5 years) and community-dwelling older female adults (n = 17, mean age 73.8 years).
Subjects were videotaped as they performed three controlled bed mobility tasks, starting from a supine position: (1) rising to a seated position at the edge of a firm plinth surface (SS); and rising to a seated position without moving to the edge of the bed while either (2) using hands (SUH) or (3) not using hands (SUNH). A series of movements involving the trunk were identified as subjects performed the SS task.
The older women were more likely to rotate and laterally flex their trunks, particularly in the later phases of the SS task. In addition, during the SS task, the older group was more likely to bear weight on their hip/gluteal area, particularly in the later phases, and more likely to use a broad pivot base, consisting of the hip and the elbow. While all young and old performed the SUH task, less than half of the older group could complete the SUNH task. Moreover, the subgroup of older adults who could not complete the SUNH task may have accounted for much of the differences between the young and the old on the SS task.
Healthy young and older women differ in their ability to rise from a supine to sitting position, primarily in the strategies used to elevate the trunk and facilitate a pivot. Trunk flexion ability likely contributes to the age group differences noted in rising. These data provide the basis for a biomechanical analysis of the critical body segment motions and the strengths required to perform bed mobility tasks.
描述健康年轻女性和老年女性从仰卧位起身至坐位时躯干抬高和髋部转动动作的差异。
横断面比较。
大学实验室。
两组健康女性志愿者：年轻成年女性对照组（n = 22，平均年龄23.5岁）和社区居住的老年女性成年人（n = 17，平均年龄73.8岁）。
受试者从仰卧位开始执行三项受控的床上移动任务时被录像：（1）在坚固的底座表面边缘起身至坐位（SS）；以及在不移动到床边的情况下起身至坐位，同时（2）使用双手（SUH）或（3）不使用双手（SUNH）。当受试者执行SS任务时，识别出一系列涉及躯干的动作。
老年女性更有可能转动和侧屈其躯干，尤其是在SS任务的后期阶段。此外，在SS任务期间，老年组更有可能在其髋部/臀肌区域承重，尤其是在后期阶段，并且更有可能使用由髋部和肘部组成的宽枢轴底座。虽然所有年轻和老年受试者都执行了SUH任务，但不到一半的老年组能够完成SUNH任务。此外，无法完成SUNH任务的老年亚组可能在很大程度上解释了年轻组和老年组在SS任务上的差异。
健康年轻女性和老年女性从仰卧位起身至坐位的能力不同，主要体现在抬高躯干和促进转动所采用的策略上。躯干屈曲能力可能导致了在起身方面观察到的年龄组差异。这些数据为对关键身体节段动作和执行床上移动任务所需力量进行生物力学分析提供了基础。
