Orton H S, Garvey M T, Pearson M H
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995 Apr;107(4):349-59. doi: 10.1016/s0889-5406(95)70087-0.
The ectopic eruption and impaction of maxillary canines is a frequently encountered problem. The prevalence is estimated to be between 0.92% to 2.2%. It is found to be palatal to the dental arch in about 85% of cases and buccal only in about 15% of cases. Ericson and Kurol suggested that removal of the deciduous canine before the age of 11 years will normalize the position of the ectopically erupting permanent canine in 91% of cases if the canine crown is distal to the midline of the lateral incisor. We strongly endorsed this interceptive approach. Early recognition that a canine is erupting ectopically is extremely important. Ericson and Kurol estimate that in 0.71% of children in the 10 to 13 year age group, permanent incisors have resorbed because of the ectopic eruption of maxillary canines. Resorption may be found as early as 10 years but occurs most frequently in the age groups 11 to 12 years. In this article a simple, well-clasped lower removable appliance is shown to be an excellent base for using light elastics to move the impacted canine, first posteriorly away from the incisor roots and then vertically and buccally. A gold chain is bonded to the unerupted canine to provide a simple and flexible means of traction that ensures the canine erupts into a zone of attached mucosa with normal crown length.
上颌尖牙的异位萌出和阻生是一个常见问题。据估计，其患病率在0.92%至2.2%之间。约85%的病例中，上颌尖牙位于牙弓腭侧，仅约15%的病例中位于颊侧。埃里克森和库罗尔指出，如果尖牙牙冠位于侧切牙中线远中，在11岁前拔除乳尖牙，91%的病例中异位萌出的恒牙尖牙位置将恢复正常。我们强烈支持这种阻断性治疗方法。早期识别尖牙异位萌出极为重要。埃里克森和库罗尔估计，在10至13岁年龄组的儿童中，0.71%的患者因上颌尖牙异位萌出导致恒牙切牙发生吸收。吸收最早可在10岁时发现，但最常发生在11至12岁年龄组。本文展示了一种简单、贴合良好的下颌可摘矫治器，它是利用轻力弹力牵引移动阻生尖牙的理想基础，首先将尖牙向后牵引远离切牙根，然后垂直向和颊向牵引。将一根金链粘结到未萌出的尖牙上，提供一种简单且灵活的牵引方式，确保尖牙萌出到附着龈区域，且牙冠长度正常。
