Kolotkin R L, Head S, Hamilton M, Tse C K
Duke University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
Obes Res. 1995 Jan;3(1):49-56. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1995.tb00120.x.
This paper is a preliminary report on the development of a new instrument, the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life (IWQOL) questionnaire, that assesses the effects of weight on various areas of life. We conducted two studies utilizing subjects in treatment for obesity at Duke University Diet and Fitness Center. The first study describes item development, assesses reliability, and compares pre- and post-treatment scores on the IWQOL. In the second study we examined the effects of body mass index (BMI), gender, and age on subjects' perceptions of impact of weight on quality of life. Results indicate adequate psychometric properties with test-retest reliabilities averaging .75 for single items, and .89 for scales. Scale internal consistency averaged .87. Post-treatment scores differed significantly from pre-treatment scores on all scales, indicating that treatment produced positive changes in impact of weight on quality of life. The results of the second study indicate that the impact of weight generally worsened as the patients' size increased. However for women there was no association between BMI and impact of weight on Self-Esteem and Sexual Life. Even at the lowest BMI tertile studied, women reported that weight had a substantial impact in these areas. There were also significant gender differences, with women showing greater impact of weight on Self-Esteem and Sexual Life compared with men. The impact of age was a bit surprising, with some areas showing positive changes and others showing no change.
本文是关于一种新工具——体重对生活质量影响（IWQOL）问卷开发的初步报告，该问卷评估体重对生活各个领域的影响。我们利用杜克大学饮食与健身中心接受肥胖治疗的受试者进行了两项研究。第一项研究描述了项目开发过程，评估了信度，并比较了IWQOL问卷治疗前后的得分。在第二项研究中，我们考察了体重指数（BMI）、性别和年龄对受试者体重对生活质量影响认知的作用。结果表明该问卷具有良好的心理测量学特性，单项重测信度平均为0.75，量表重测信度平均为0.89。量表内部一致性平均为0.87。所有量表治疗后的得分与治疗前的得分均有显著差异，表明治疗使体重对生活质量的影响产生了积极变化。第二项研究结果表明，随着患者体型增大，体重的影响通常会加剧。然而，对于女性而言，BMI与体重对自尊和性生活的影响之间并无关联。即使在研究的最低BMI三分位数组中，女性也报告称体重在这些方面有重大影响。此外，还存在显著的性别差异，与男性相比，女性体重对自尊和性生活的影响更大。年龄的影响有点出人意料，有些方面显示出积极变化，而有些方面则没有变化。
