Cao W B, Zhu Y J, Xu K F
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 1994 Oct;33(10):663-5.
Four cases of pulmonary Nocardia infection were reported and the 22 cases reported in our country between 1980 and 1993 were analyzed together for the purpose of revealing the clinical picture of this disease in China. There was approximately a ratio of two male patients to one female (18:8) with a mean age of 40 years in this series of patients. Various underlying diseases were found as predisposing factors in 69% (18/26) of the cases. 34.5% (9/26) of the cases had a history of corticosteroid therapy. Pleural effusion was identified in 50% (13/26) of the patients. 38% (10/26) of the patients died. Patients with primary pulmonary Nocardia infection had a better prognosis than those with secondary infection. Appropriate culture media, sufficient culture time and repeated cultures were recommended to improve the positive identification rate of this special causative agent. The sulfonamides were the drugs of first choice along with prompt drainage of thoracic empyema and abscess.
报告了4例肺部诺卡菌感染病例，并对我国1980年至1993年期间报告的22例病例进行了综合分析，以揭示该疾病在中国的临床特征。在这组患者中，男女比例约为2:1（18:8），平均年龄为40岁。69%（18/26）的病例发现有各种基础疾病作为易感因素。34.5%（9/26）的病例有皮质类固醇治疗史。50%（13/26）的患者发现有胸腔积液。38%（10/26）的患者死亡。原发性肺部诺卡菌感染患者的预后优于继发性感染患者。建议使用合适的培养基、足够的培养时间并进行重复培养，以提高这种特殊病原体的阳性鉴定率。磺胺类药物是首选药物，同时应及时引流胸腔积脓和脓肿。
