Xu B, Rimpelä A, Järvelin M R, Nieminen M
Department of Public Health and General Practice, University of Oulu, Finland.
Scand J Soc Med. 1994 Dec;22(4):242-8. doi: 10.1177/140349489402200402.
The purpose of this paper was to study the sex differences in infant mortality and mortality before the age of 5 in China, and the differences between urban and rural areas on the one hand and urban areas of mainland China and Hong Kong on the other. Published data from the 1982 and 1990 national censuses, the mortality survey of 1976, and UN's publications were used to calculate sex differences and sex ratios of mortality. Infant mortality of both sexes decreased notably from the 1970's onwards, the sex ratios of mortality being 1.15 in 1973-75, 1.06 in 1981 and 0.86 in 1990. A remarkable decline of mortality before the age of 5 was also seen in both sexes, but the sex ratios of mortality were not greatly altered, remaining less than 1 from the 1970's on. In rural areas female infants and young children had a higher mortality compared with males than in urban areas. In Hong Kong, the sex differences of infant and early child mortality were much smaller than in urban areas of mainland China.
本文旨在研究中国婴儿死亡率及5岁前死亡率的性别差异，以及城乡之间和中国大陆城市与香港之间的差异。利用1982年和1990年全国人口普查的公开数据、1976年死亡率调查以及联合国出版物来计算死亡率的性别差异和性别比。从20世纪70年代起，两性的婴儿死亡率均显著下降，1973 - 1975年死亡率性别比为1.15，1981年为1.06，1990年为0.86。5岁前死亡率在两性中也显著下降，但死亡率性别比变化不大，自20世纪70年代起一直小于1。农村地区女婴和幼儿的死亡率高于城市地区的男性。在香港，婴儿和幼儿死亡率的性别差异远小于中国大陆城市地区。
