Xiao S H, You J Q, Mei J Y, Jiao P Y
Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai.
Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1994 Sep;15(5):447-52.
Artemether (Art, beta-methyl ether of artemisinin) first synthesized by Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is effective against not only malaria but also schistosomiasis. When rabbits infected with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae for 7 d were treated ig with Art 10 mg.kg-1, the total worm reduction rates were 74.6-76.7%. If Art (10 mg.kg-1) was given once weekly after the first treatment for 3-4 times, the total worm reduction rate was > 98%, and most of the rabbits were free from female worms. When praziquantel (Pra) was given ig 40 mg.kg-1 to rabbits on d 21 after infection, and repeated once every week for 3 wk, most rabbits showed a total worm reduction rate > 98% with their livers showing normal or mild changes, and their parameters relevant to acute schistosomiasis were negative as compared to the controls. Hence Art and Pra are suggested to be used in field trial for control of acute schistosomiasis or reduction of the intensity of schistosomal infection.
蒿甲醚（Art，青蒿素的β-甲基醚）由中国科学院上海药物研究所首次合成，不仅对疟疾有效，对血吸虫病也有效。感染日本血吸虫尾蚴7天的家兔，以10mg.kg-1的蒿甲醚灌胃治疗，虫体总减少率为74.6-76.7%。首次治疗后每周一次给予蒿甲醚（10mg.kg-1），共3-4次，虫体总减少率>98%，且大多数家兔体内无雌虫。感染后第21天，对家兔灌胃给予吡喹酮（Pra）40mg.kg-1，每周重复一次，共3周，大多数家兔虫体总减少率>98%，肝脏表现正常或轻度改变，与对照组相比，其急性血吸虫病相关参数为阴性。因此，建议将蒿甲醚和吡喹酮用于现场试验，以控制急性血吸虫病或降低血吸虫感染强度。
