Schulz M, Schmoldt A
Arzneimittelinformationsstelle der ABDA-Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Apothekerverbände, Universität Hamburg.
Anaesthesist. 1994 Dec;43(12):835-44. doi: 10.1007/s001010050126.
In order to assess the significance of drug levels measured in clinical and forensic toxicology as well as for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), it is essential that good collections of data are readily available. For more than 400 frequently used drugs therapeutic and, if data were available, toxic and fatal plasma concentrations as well as elimination half-lives were compiled in a table including, e.g., hypnotics like barbiturates and benzodiazepines, neuroleptics, antidepressants, sedatives, analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, antihistamines, anti-epileptics, beta-adrenergic antagonists, antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, gyrase inhibitors), diuretics, calcium-channel blockers, cardiac glycosides, anti-arrhythmics, anti-asthmatics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, opioid agonists, and local anaesthetics. Data have been abstracted from published information, both compilations and primary sources, and supplemented with data collected in our own forensic and clinical toxicology laboratories. Wherever possible, ranges for therapeutic plasma concentrations are expressed as trough concentration at steady-state. The range of (or single) half-life values given for each drug are chosen to represent the terminal log-linear phase at most. In addition to the assessment of significance of drug levels for the therapeutic monitoring of patients, this list can assist the diagnostic assessment in cases of intoxication.
为了评估临床和法医毒理学中所测药物水平的意义以及用于治疗药物监测（TDM），必须要有随时可用的良好数据收集。对于400多种常用药物，将治疗浓度以及（若有数据）毒性和致死性血浆浓度以及消除半衰期汇编成表格，其中包括例如巴比妥类和苯二氮䓬类等催眠药、抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、镇静剂、镇痛药、抗炎药、抗组胺药、抗癫痫药、β-肾上腺素能拮抗剂、抗生素（青霉素类、头孢菌素类、氨基糖苷类、回旋酶抑制剂）、利尿剂、钙通道阻滞剂、强心苷、抗心律失常药、抗哮喘药、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、阿片类激动剂和局部麻醉药。数据已从已发表的信息（包括汇编资料和原始资料）中提取，并补充了我们自己的法医和临床毒理学实验室收集的数据。只要有可能，治疗性血浆浓度范围均表示为稳态时的谷浓度。为每种药物给出的半衰期值范围（或单个值）最多选择代表终末对数线性期。除了评估药物水平对患者治疗监测的意义外，此列表还可协助中毒病例的诊断评估。
