Bello L K, McIntire S N
Germanna Community College in Virginia, USA.
Cancer Nurs. 1995 Apr;18(2):138-43.
The impact of the diagnosis of cancer and its treatments on the body image of young adults (18-29 years) diagnosed with cancer is relatively unknown. This descriptive comparative study examined body image scores of young adults diagnosed with cancer and young adults without cancer. The conceptual framework for this study was taken from body image and developmental theory. Secord and Jourard's body cathexis/self-cathexis scales and a demographic sheet were mailed to 162 young adults diagnosed with cancer and to 150 young adults without cancer. A t test was used to compare the mean scores between the two groups. A statistically significant difference was found between the mean scores reported by the young adults diagnosed with cancer for the body cathexis and self-cathexis scales. The self-cathexis and body cathexis scores indicated that the young adults diagnosed with cancer had a more positive body image than the young adults without cancer. The mean scores were also compared in relation to the demographic data collected using t tests and analysis of variance. Within the group diagnosed with cancer, male subjects demonstrated a more secure body-cathexis (p value of 0.012) and married subjects demonstrated a more secure self-cathexis than the single subjects did (p value of 0.04). No statistically significant difference was found within the group without cancer related to demographic variables. Implications for the oncology clinical nurse specialist are explored.
癌症诊断及其治疗方法对确诊患有癌症的年轻成年人（18至29岁）身体形象的影响相对未知。这项描述性比较研究考察了确诊患有癌症的年轻成年人与未患癌症的年轻成年人的身体形象得分。本研究的概念框架取自身体形象和发展理论。向162名确诊患有癌症的年轻成年人以及150名未患癌症的年轻成年人邮寄了塞科德和朱拉德的身体投入/自我投入量表以及一份人口统计信息表。使用t检验来比较两组的平均得分。在确诊患有癌症的年轻成年人报告的身体投入和自我投入量表的平均得分之间发现了具有统计学意义的差异。自我投入和身体投入得分表明，确诊患有癌症的年轻成年人比未患癌症的年轻成年人拥有更积极的身体形象。还使用t检验和方差分析将平均得分与收集到的人口统计数据进行了比较。在确诊患有癌症的群体中，男性受试者表现出更稳定的身体投入（p值为0.012），已婚受试者比单身受试者表现出更稳定 的自我投入（p值为0.04）。在未患癌症的群体中，未发现与人口统计变量相关的具有统计学意义的差异。探讨了对肿瘤临床护理专家的启示。
