Mitchell W H, Parson B J, Weiner L J
J Trauma. 1976 Apr;16(4):317-9. doi: 10.1097/00005373-197604000-00012.
If periorbital or facial areas are involved in burn injury, the eyes must be given prophylactic care. The importance of these cases is not to point out the danger of corneal injury as a direct result of thermal trauma; rather, it is to emphasize the seriousness of corneal abrasions and the danger of subsequent Pseudomonas infection during convalescence of the postburn patient. Once the corneal epithelium is damaged, ulceration rapidly occurs and when infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa presents one of the most difficult ophthalmologic situations. The convalescent burn patient is in jeopardy of corneal abrasion during general anesthesia for grafting or debridement. Neither of the patients who underwent anesthesia was noted to have corneal abrasion. Nor did either ectropion or lid contracture develop in the three patients described herein. Lid contracture may lead to corneal exposure and should be corrected by expeditious lid tarsorrhaphy. Once ulceration has occurred, as with these patients, corneal transplantation may be indicated.
如果眼周或面部区域受到烧伤，必须对眼睛进行预防性护理。这些病例的重要性不在于指出热创伤直接导致角膜损伤的危险；相反，是要强调角膜擦伤的严重性以及烧伤后患者康复期间继发铜绿假单胞菌感染的危险。一旦角膜上皮受损，溃疡会迅速发生，当感染铜绿假单胞菌时，会出现最棘手的眼科情况之一。烧伤康复患者在进行植皮或清创的全身麻醉期间有角膜擦伤的风险。接受麻醉的患者均未出现角膜擦伤。本文所述的三名患者也均未发生睑外翻或睑挛缩。睑挛缩可能导致角膜暴露，应通过迅速进行睑缘缝合术加以纠正。一旦发生溃疡，就像这些患者一样，可能需要进行角膜移植。
