Longabaugh R, Wirtz P W, DiClemente C C, Litt M
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912.
J Stud Alcohol Suppl. 1994 Dec;12:46-59. doi: 10.15288/jsas.1994.s12.46.
This article discusses observations and insights that were gained in the course of critiquing the a priori client-treatment matching hypothesis that were developed for Project MATCH. A matching taxonomy is offered that differentiates eight types of ordinal and disordinal interactions and discusses their clinical and substantive implications. Previously reported alcohol treatment studies are used to illustrate many of these. Various issues in matching studies, such as power versus complexity, prediction versus explanation, matches versus mismatches and capitalization versus compensation, are discussed. Selective issues in choosing treatment and client-matching variables as they affect matching hypotheses are also addressed. The importance of developing a putative "causal chain" for testing the theory underlying matching processes is explicated and a procedure for testing this causal chain is outlined.
本文讨论了在对为“匹配项目”（Project MATCH）所提出的先验客户-治疗匹配假设进行批判的过程中所获得的观察结果和见解。提供了一种匹配分类法，该分类法区分了八种顺序和逆序相互作用类型，并讨论了它们的临床和实质意义。先前报道的酒精治疗研究被用于阐释其中的许多内容。还讨论了匹配研究中的各种问题，如效力与复杂性、预测与解释、匹配与不匹配以及利用优势与弥补劣势。还探讨了选择治疗和客户匹配变量时的一些特定问题，因为它们会影响匹配假设。阐述了为检验匹配过程背后的理论而构建一个假定“因果链”的重要性，并概述了检验此因果链的程序。
