Burt D B, Zembar M J, Niederehe G
Center for Human Development Research, University of Texas--Houston Health Science Center, University of Texas Mental Sciences Institute 77030.
Psychol Bull. 1995 Mar;117(2):285-305. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.285.
The existing evidence paints an unclear picture of whether an association exists between depression and memory impairment. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether depression is associated with memory impairment, whether moderator variables determine the extent of this association, and whether any obtained association is unique to depression. Meta-analytic techniques were used to synthesize data from 99 studies on recall and 48 studies on recognition in clinically depressed and nondepressed samples. Associations between memory impairment and other psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, dementia) were also examined. A significant, stable association between depression and memory impairment was revealed. Further analyses indicated, however, that it is likely that depression is linked to particular aspects of memory, the linkage is found in particular subsets of depressed individuals, and memory impairment is not unique to depression.
现有证据对于抑郁症与记忆障碍之间是否存在关联描绘了一幅不清晰的图景。本调查的目的是确定抑郁症是否与记忆障碍相关，调节变量是否决定这种关联的程度，以及任何已获得的关联是否为抑郁症所特有。采用荟萃分析技术对来自99项关于临床抑郁症患者和非抑郁症患者样本的回忆研究以及48项识别研究的数据进行综合分析。还研究了记忆障碍与其他精神疾病（如精神分裂症、痴呆症）之间的关联。结果显示抑郁症与记忆障碍之间存在显著且稳定的关联。然而，进一步分析表明，抑郁症可能与记忆的特定方面有关，这种关联在特定的抑郁症患者亚组中存在，并且记忆障碍并非抑郁症所特有。
