Losken H W, Patterson G T, Lazarou S A, Whitney T
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1995 Jan;32(1):71-6. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1995_032_0071_pmdpr_2.3.co_2.
Normal lengths of the vertical ramus, body, and angle of the mandible at different ages are presented. Before mandibular distraction is embarked on, the extent of the deficiency of the mandible is assessed. The length of the vertical ramus and body are measured on cephalometric radiographs or three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) scans. Deficiency of the length of the mandible is calculated. The position of the pin placement angle (from the horizontal ramus) is calculated by means of the following formula: 180 degrees minus mandibular angle times vertical ramus deficiency divided by total deficiency. Placing the pins correctly will result in correction of the vertical ramus and body deficiency of the mandible and the excessively obtuse angle of the mandible will become more acute.
文中给出了不同年龄阶段下颌骨垂直支、体部及下颌角的正常长度。在开始下颌骨牵张成骨之前,需评估下颌骨的缺损程度。通过头颅侧位片或三维计算机断层扫描(3D CT)测量垂直支和体部的长度,计算下颌骨长度的缺损。通过以下公式计算针放置角度(相对于水平支):180度减去下颌角乘以垂直支缺损除以总缺损。正确放置针可矫正下颌骨垂直支和体部的缺损,使过度钝角的下颌角变得更锐利。