Gerin W, Milner D, Chawla S, Pickering T G
Hypertension Center/Starr Pavilion, Cornell University Medical College/New York Hospital, NY 10021, USA.
Psychosom Med. 1995 Jan-Feb;57(1):16-22. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199501000-00003.
This study examines the possibility that social support operates as a moderator of cardiovascular reactivity in women. Two models by which social support may operate were examined: the direct effects and buffering models. Twenty-six subjects were exposed to four conditions while playing a video game: two levels of stress (low, high) and two levels of social support (alone, together). Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored continuously. Ratings of stress were obtained for each condition. Results indicated that the support manipulation produced significant main effects for diastolic blood pressure and stress ratings, with lower diastolic blood pressure and ratings observed in the "together" condition, and that the interaction between support and stress produced lower reactivity for the cardiovascular measures in the high stress (but not the low stress) condition. No interaction was found for the stress ratings. We conclude that the results provide support for both the buffering and direct effects models. Implications concerning the (within-subjects) design of the study and the stress ratings are discussed.
本研究探讨了社会支持作为女性心血管反应调节因素的可能性。研究考察了社会支持可能发挥作用的两种模式：直接效应模式和缓冲模式。26名受试者在玩电子游戏时面临四种情境：两种压力水平（低、高）和两种社会支持水平（单独、一起）。连续监测血压和心率。对每种情境进行压力评分。结果表明，支持操作对舒张压和压力评分产生了显著的主效应，“一起”情境下的舒张压和评分较低，并且支持与压力之间的交互作用使高压力（而非低压力）情境下心血管指标的反应性降低。压力评分未发现交互作用。我们得出结论，研究结果为缓冲模式和直接效应模式均提供了支持。讨论了有关该研究（受试者内）设计和压力评分的意义。
