Alcaide Megías J, Altet Gómez M N, Taberner Zaragoza J L, Salleras Sanmartí L
Centro de Prevención y Control de la Tuberculosis, Barcelona.
Rev Sanid Hig Publica (Madr). 1993 May-Jun;67(3):227-35.
Tuberculosis infection is a suitable method to evaluate a community tuberculosis endemic. The calculation of infection indexes (incidence, prevalence, year risk and their decline) have been used to analyze this endemic and ist tendency during 22 years in a suburbial city.
Practice of the tuberculin test (Mantowx) to almost the totality of schoolchildren during the academic years. 1968-69, 1980-81 and 1981-82; and 1989-90 and 1990-91 as well. During the years 1981-82 and 1990-91, the test was repeated in a sample of schoolchildren to detect the reaction converters (incidence of infection).
The prevalence of tuberculosis infection is very high (7.5% in the first primary school year and 15.2% in the 8th primary school year during 1968-69, and decreases to 5.1% and 11.7% during 1980-82 was 2.6% and 1.5% in 1989-91. The decline of the infection risk is very low: about 6% during the whole period, and it is higher: 9%, in its second part.
The high tuberculosis can be related to the population social deficiencies. The favourable tendency observed, during the last ten years, can be attributed to an improvement in the health care and, specifically, in the treatment of patients of tuberculosis.
结核感染是评估社区结核病流行情况的一种合适方法。在一个郊区城市，通过计算感染指标（发病率、患病率、年感染风险及其下降情况）来分析22年间的结核病流行情况及其趋势。
在1968 - 69学年、1980 - 81学年、1981 - 82学年以及1989 - 90学年和1990 - 91学年，对几乎所有在校儿童进行结核菌素试验（曼托试验）。在1981 - 82年和1990 - 91年期间，对部分在校儿童样本重复进行该试验，以检测反应转换者（感染发病率）。
结核感染患病率非常高（1968 - 69年，一年级小学生中为7.5%，八年级小学生中为15.2%；1980 - 82年降至5.1%和11.7%；1989 - 91年为2.6%和1.5%）。感染风险下降非常低：整个期间约为6%，后半期较高，为9%。
高结核病患病率可能与人群的社会缺陷有关。过去十年观察到的良好趋势可归因于医疗保健的改善，特别是结核病患者治疗方面的改善。
