Alcaide Megías J, Altet Gómez M N, Canela i Soler J
Dirección General de Salud Pública. Departamento de Sanidad y Seguridad Social. Generalitat de Catalunya.
An Esp Pediatr. 2000 Nov;53(5):449-57.
To analyze the current epidemiological trend of childhood tuberculosis in Spain.
The annual reports from Tuberculosis and Respiratory Infections Group of the Spanish Society of Respiratory Disease and from the Multicenter Project for Tuberculosis Research Study Group (1996-1997) were used. The "mirror technique" was applied to detect interference in the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test in a tuberculin survey carried out in 51,877 schoolchildren (aged 418 years). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the test were evaluated.
The incidence rate in 13 Autonomous Communities was 12.79 per 100,000 inhabitants. In 1998 the prevalence of this infection was 0.53% at 6 years and 4.7% at 14 years. A cutoff point of 13 mm showed the highest sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.
The trend in childhood tuberculosis during the last few years has been favorable. Interference by nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in the prevalence of the tuberculin skin test was detected. Consequently, use of the American Thoracic Society's guidelines for the interpretation of the tuberculin skin test, with some modifications, is recommended.
分析西班牙儿童结核病的当前流行病学趋势。
采用西班牙呼吸病学会结核病与呼吸道感染小组以及结核病研究多中心项目研究组（1996 - 1997年）的年度报告。在对51877名学童（4 - 18岁）进行的结核菌素调查中，应用“镜像技术”检测对结核菌素皮肤试验结果解读的干扰。评估该试验的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。
13个自治区的发病率为每10万居民12.79例。1998年，6岁儿童的感染患病率为0.53%，14岁儿童为4.7%。13毫米的截断值显示出最高的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。
过去几年儿童结核病的趋势是向好的。检测到非结核分枝杆菌感染对结核菌素皮肤试验患病率的干扰。因此，建议在对美国胸科学会结核菌素皮肤试验解读指南进行一些修改后使用。
