Gassner M, Spuhler T
Sektion Gesundheit, Bundesamt für Statistik, Bern.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1995 Apr 8;125(14):667-75.
During the period 1988-1992 deaths from lung diseases were more frequent among the farming population according to Swiss mortality data. The age-standardized proportional mortality rate (PMR) is 127 for all the lung diseases (ICD-8 460-519), 140 for bronchitis and asthma (ICD-8 490-493), 137 for asthma alone (ICD-8 493) and 841 for pneumoconiosis due to organic dust (ICD-8 516.1 + .2). Stock-farmers showed a mortality pattern for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease opposite to that of vegetable farmers and wine-growers. This increased mortality among farmers is paradoxical in the light of the more frequent tolerance for aeroallergens among the children of farmers, the conservative style of housing and living as well as received ideas about working in natural and therefore healthy air. Insufficient knowledge of the multifactorial risks of natural pathogenic organic substances and of dangerous work are just as important for the pathogenesis of these diseases and deaths as the changed social and cultural values with the consequences on insurance policy. These factors affect optimal prophylaxis (limitation of air pollution, safety measures, job change and measures in order to achieve adequate social security).
根据瑞士死亡率数据，1988年至1992年期间，肺部疾病导致的死亡在农业人口中更为常见。所有肺部疾病（国际疾病分类第八版460 - 519）的年龄标准化比例死亡率（PMR）为127，支气管炎和哮喘（国际疾病分类第八版490 - 493）为140，仅哮喘（国际疾病分类第八版493）为137，有机粉尘导致的尘肺病（国际疾病分类第八版516.1 +.2）为841。畜牧场主的慢性阻塞性肺疾病死亡率模式与菜农和葡萄种植者相反。鉴于农民子女对气传过敏原的耐受性更高、住房和生活方式保守，以及人们认为在自然且因此健康的空气中工作有益，农民中这种死亡率上升的现象自相矛盾。对自然致病有机物质的多因素风险以及危险工作的认识不足，对于这些疾病和死亡的发病机制而言，与社会和文化价值观的变化及其对保险政策的影响同样重要。这些因素影响着最佳预防措施（限制空气污染、安全措施、更换工作以及为实现充足社会保障而采取的措施）。
