Mastrangelo G, Malusa E, Veronese C, Zucchero A, Marzia V, Boscolo Bariga A
Instituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Padova, Italy.
Occup Environ Med. 1995 Mar;52(3):150-3. doi: 10.1136/oem.52.3.150.
To study the mortality of fishermen. This was suggested by a cluster of cases of lung cancer in Chioggia, a large fishing harbour in the Veneto. The aim was to weight occupation against smoking with respect to risk of lung cancer.
7530 fishermen registered in the 1971-86 port authority registers of Chioggia and Venice were followed up for mortality from 1971 to 1989. Of 475 causes of death, 460 were traced. Standardised mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated with the regional population as a reference. A nested case-control study was carried out in Chioggia decedents only by interviewing next of kin. Complete data were obtained in 172 (70% response). Cases (lung cancer deaths) and controls (other causes of death) were compared for smoking and occupation, as a group of non-fishermen was available in the cohort. Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding factors.
SMRs were high for lung cancer but low for other diseases related to smoking: circulatory and respiratory disease, tumours of the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, and bladder. Likewise, SMRs were high for liver cancer but low for other diseases related to alcohol: digestive and circulatory disease, buccal, pharyngeal, and oesophageal tumours. In the case-control study, the risk of lung cancer was found to be related to smoking, and there was no interaction between occupation and smoking. When adjusted for age and smoking, the occupational indicators had no influence on the risk of mortality from lung cancer.
Among fishermen in north east Italy the greatest health hazard is lung cancer, and the factor involved in this risk is smoking, not occupation. Smoking, however, was linked with long hours at sea in another study.
研究渔民的死亡率。这一研究是由威尼托大区一个大型渔港基奥贾出现的一系列肺癌病例所引发的。目的是权衡职业与吸烟对肺癌风险的影响。
对1971 - 1986年在基奥贾和威尼斯港务局登记的7530名渔民进行随访，观察其1971年至1989年的死亡率。在475种死因中，追踪到了460种。以地区人口为参照计算标准化死亡比（SMR）。仅在基奥贾的死者中开展了一项巢式病例对照研究，通过询问其近亲获取信息。共获得了172例（应答率70%）的完整数据。由于队列中有一组非渔民，对病例（肺癌死亡者）和对照（其他死因者）的吸烟情况和职业进行了比较。采用逻辑回归分析来调整混杂因素。
肺癌的SMR较高，但与吸烟相关的其他疾病（循环系统和呼吸系统疾病、口腔、咽喉、食管和膀胱肿瘤）的SMR较低。同样，肝癌的SMR较高，但与酒精相关的其他疾病（消化系统和循环系统疾病、口腔、咽喉和食管肿瘤）的SMR较低。在病例对照研究中，发现肺癌风险与吸烟有关，职业与吸烟之间不存在交互作用。在对年龄和吸烟进行调整后，职业指标对肺癌死亡风险没有影响。
在意大利东北部的渔民中，最大的健康危害是肺癌，而涉及这一风险的因素是吸烟，而非职业。然而，另一项研究表明吸烟与在海上长时间作业有关。
