Nakamura Y, Romberger D J, Tate L, Ertl R F, Kawamoto M, Adachi Y, Mio T, Sisson J H, Spurzem J R, Rennard S I
University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5300, USA.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 May;151(5):1497-503. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.151.5.7735606.
Cigarette smoking is the most clearly recognized cause of pulmonary emphysema. Since loss of lung tissue, which characterizes emphysema, represents a balance between injury and repair, we hypothesized that cigarette smoke might contribute to the development of emphysema by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and migration. To evaluate this, we examined the effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the proliferation and migration of human lung fibroblasts in vitro. CSE inhibited fibroblast proliferation and migration at noncytotoxic concentrations. When CSE was treated to remove volatile components, it showed less inhibitory activity on fibroblast proliferation. Therefore, we also examined acrolein and acetaldehyde, which are volatile components of cigarette smoke, Micromolar concentrations of acrolein and millimolar concentrations of acetaldehyde induced significant inhibition of fibroblast proliferation. In contrast, removal of volatile components did not eliminate the inhibitory activity of CSE for fibroblast migration, although acetaldehyde and acrolein alone were also capable of inhibiting chemotaxis. Cigarette smoke-induced inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and migration may impair lung repair following lung injury, and may thus contribute to the development of pulmonary emphysema.
吸烟是最为明确的肺气肿致病因素。由于肺气肿的特征性表现——肺组织丧失，代表着损伤与修复之间的一种平衡，我们推测香烟烟雾可能通过抑制成纤维细胞的增殖和迁移，从而促使肺气肿的发展。为对此进行评估，我们在体外研究了香烟烟雾提取物（CSE）对人肺成纤维细胞增殖和迁移的影响。在无细胞毒性的浓度下，CSE抑制了成纤维细胞的增殖和迁移。当对CSE进行处理以去除挥发性成分时，其对成纤维细胞增殖的抑制活性降低。因此，我们还研究了香烟烟雾的挥发性成分丙烯醛和乙醛，微摩尔浓度的丙烯醛和毫摩尔浓度的乙醛均显著抑制了成纤维细胞的增殖。相比之下，尽管单独的乙醛和丙烯醛也能够抑制趋化作用，但去除挥发性成分并未消除CSE对成纤维细胞迁移的抑制活性。香烟烟雾诱导的成纤维细胞增殖和迁移抑制可能会损害肺损伤后的肺修复，进而可能促使肺气肿的发展。
