Fox J G
Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1994 Dec;6 Suppl 1:S57-65.
Animal models are being used to study the mechanisms by which Helicobacter spp. induce gastric disease. To assess the effects of a natural gastric pathogen, Helicobacter mustelae, in the development of chronic gastritis, premalignancy and cancer, the ferret model was studied under natural and experimental conditions.
H. mustelae-infected ferrets were used to study the metabolism of nitrates/nitrites, which are dietary and endogenously formed substances that have been linked to gastric cancer. The ferret was also manipulated by performing gastric reconstructive surgery to study the processing of nitrite and nitrate and to assess the effect of surgery on gastric pathology. In addition, the ferret was tested for its suitability as an animal model for the induction of gastric cancer by oral dosing with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). The influence of these variables on gastric pathology and/or metabolic outcomes was examined, and the results in ferrets were compared to findings in humans.
The ferret appears to be an ideal model for studying various gastric parameters and how these factors influence the development of H. mustelae-associated gastric disease. Gastric reconstructive surgery did not effect nitrite processing or overall severity of gastritis in ferrets. However, a single dose of MNNG (50 mg/kg) produced an unprecedented 90% gastric carcinoma in H. mustelae-infected ferrets. This implies that chronic inflammation induced by the bacterium is a cofactor in gastric carcinogenesis.
动物模型正被用于研究幽门螺杆菌属诱发胃部疾病的机制。为评估自然胃部病原体——雪貂幽门螺杆菌在慢性胃炎、癌前病变和癌症发展中的作用，在自然和实验条件下对雪貂模型进行了研究。
使用感染雪貂幽门螺杆菌的雪貂来研究硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐的代谢，硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐是与胃癌相关的饮食和内源性形成的物质。还通过进行胃部重建手术来操控雪貂，以研究亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的处理过程，并评估手术对胃部病理学的影响。此外，通过给雪貂口服N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍（MNNG）来测试其作为诱发胃癌动物模型的适用性。研究了这些变量对胃部病理学和/或代谢结果的影响，并将雪貂的结果与人类的研究结果进行了比较。
雪貂似乎是研究各种胃部参数以及这些因素如何影响雪貂幽门螺杆菌相关胃部疾病发展的理想模型。胃部重建手术对雪貂的亚硝酸盐处理或胃炎的总体严重程度没有影响。然而，单剂量的MNNG（50毫克/千克）在感染雪貂幽门螺杆菌的雪貂中产生了前所未有的90%的胃癌发生率。这意味着该细菌诱导的慢性炎症是胃癌发生的一个辅助因素。
