Tangugsorn V, Skatvedt O, Krogstad O, Lyberg T
Department of Orthodontics, University of Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Orthod. 1995 Feb;17(1):57-67. doi: 10.1093/ejo/17.1.57.
A comprehensive cephalometric analysis of uvulo-glossopharyngeal morphology in 100 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and 36 controls was performed. The aberrations in OSA patients included: 1. Increased length, thickness, and sagittal area of soft palate (PM-U; SPT; SPA: P < 0.001) with a more upright position (NL/PM-U: P < 0.05) and 15 per cent more pharyngeal area occupation [SPA/(OPA-OA): P < 0.001]. 2. The contact length between the soft palate and the tongue was increased approximately two-fold (CL: P < 0.001). 3. The sagittal area of the tongue was 10 per cent larger (TA: P < 0.001) despite similar length and height and 3 per cent more oral area occupation (TA/OA: P < 0.05). 4. More upright tongue position (VT/FH: P < 0.05) and caudally extended tongue mass (V perpendicular FH: P < 0.05). 5. Decreased sagittal dimensions of nasopharynx (pm-UPW: P < 0.001), velopharynx (U-MPW: P < 0.001) and minimum distance between the base of the tongue and the posterior pharyngeal wall (PASmin: P < 0.001). 6. The residual oropharyngeal area (area not occupied by soft tissues) was 9 per cent less due to larger tongue and soft palate [(TA+SPA)/OPA: P < 0.001]. Cephalometric analysis is highly recommended in OSA patients as one of the most important tools in diagnosis and treatment planning.
对100例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者和36例对照者进行了悬雍垂 - 舌咽形态的全面头影测量分析。OSA患者的异常包括：1. 软腭长度、厚度和矢状面积增加（PM - U；SPT；SPA：P < 0.001），位置更直立（NL/PM - U：P < 0.05），咽部面积占有率增加15% [SPA/(OPA - OA)：P < 0.001]。2. 软腭与舌之间的接触长度增加约两倍（CL：P < 0.001）。3. 尽管舌的长度和高度相似，但舌的矢状面积大10%（TA：P < 0.001），口腔面积占有率多3%（TA/OA：P < 0.05）。4. 舌位置更直立（VT/FH：P < 0.05）且舌体向尾侧延伸（V垂直于FH：P < 0.05）。5. 鼻咽（pm - UPW：P < 0.001）、腭咽（U - MPW：P < 0.001）的矢状径以及舌根部与咽后壁之间的最小距离减小（PASmin：P < 0.001）。6. 由于舌和软腭较大，残余口咽面积（未被软组织占据的面积）减少9% [(TA + SPA)/OPA：P < 0.001]。强烈建议对OSA患者进行头影测量分析，作为诊断和治疗计划中最重要的工具之一。
