Lyberg T, Krogstad O, Djupesland G
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
J Laryngol Otol. 1989 Mar;103(3):293-7. doi: 10.1017/s0022215100108746.
Oropharyngeal soft tissue profiles were studied by cephalometric analysis in 25 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and 10 controls. The length of the soft palate was significantly higher in patients (48.0 +/- 4.3 mm. (mean +/- SD) than in controls (35.3 +/- 4.6 mm.) (p less than 0.001), as was the distance of close contact between the tongue and the soft palate (23 +/- 12 mm. and 10 +/- 8 mm., respectively) (p less than 0.01). The area of the soft palate, measured in the sagittal plane, was 4.85 +/- 0.80 cm.2 and 2.88 +/- 0.62 in the patient and the control group, occupying 39 +/- 8 per cent and 21 +/- 5 per cent of the pharyngeal area (p less than 0.001). The lower outline of the tongue, represented by the line between vallecula (V) and the hyoid bone (AH) was more inferiorly positioned in patients, apparently giving the tongue a more upright position with more of the tongue tissue at the hypopharyngeal level than found in normals. The pharyngeal airway space had significantly reduced anteroposterior dimensions both at the nasopharyngeal and velopharyngeal level (P less than 0.001) as well as the hypopharyngeal level (p less than 0.05). Cephalometric analysis is highly recommended as a valuable tool in the presurgical evaluation of OSAS patients.
对25例阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者和10例对照者进行了头影测量分析，以研究口咽软组织轮廓。患者软腭长度（48.0±4.3mm（均值±标准差））显著高于对照组（35.3±4.6mm）（p＜0.001），舌与软腭紧密接触的距离（分别为23±12mm和10±8mm）也是如此（p＜0.01）。在矢状面测量的软腭面积，患者组为4.85±0.80cm²，对照组为2.88±0.62cm²，分别占咽腔面积的39±8%和21±5%（p＜0.001）。以会厌谷（V）与舌骨（AH）之间的连线表示的舌的下部轮廓在患者中位置更低，显然使舌处于更直立的位置，下咽水平的舌组织比正常人更多。咽气道间隙在鼻咽和腭咽水平的前后径以及下咽水平均显著减小（P＜0.001和p＜0.05）。强烈推荐将头影测量分析作为OSAS患者术前评估的一种有价值的工具。
