Vidal-Rioja L, Zambelli A, Semorile L
Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE), La Plata, Argentina.
Hereditas. 1994;121(3):283-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1994.t01-1-00283.x.
Tandem satellite arrays and interspersed repetitive DNA components of the New World camelids guanaco, llama, alpaca, and vicuña and the Old World bactrian camel have been identified and compared. Southern hybridizations, using camel restriction fragments as probes, indicated that satellite DNAs in all camelids examined have been conserved since the last common ancestor about 5-10 MY ago. The hybridization profiles, however, varied from totally identical (MspI-sat) to highly differentiated (PstI-sat and EcoRI-sat) between Old and New World species. Repetitive DNA patterns specific of South American camelids were identified by most of the vicuña and guanaco probes and (a) llama and guanaco have undifferentiable patterns, supporting the view that the former is a domesticated form of the latter; (b) vicuña patterns were species-specific and in agreement with its position in a separate taxonomic unit; (c) the presence in alpaca of BamHI, TaqI and EcoRI patterns that are intermediate between those of the species above, suggested that the origin of the alpaca may be found in a cross-breed between the guanaco and vicuña.
已对新大陆骆驼科动物原驼、美洲驼、羊驼和小羊驼以及旧大陆双峰驼的串联卫星阵列和散布的重复DNA成分进行了鉴定和比较。使用骆驼限制性片段作为探针进行的Southern杂交表明，自约500万至1000万年前的最后一个共同祖先以来，所有被检测骆驼科动物中的卫星DNA都得到了保守。然而，新旧大陆物种之间的杂交图谱从完全相同（MspI - 卫星）到高度分化（PstI - 卫星和EcoRI - 卫星）各不相同。大多数小羊驼和原驼探针鉴定出了南美骆驼科动物特有的重复DNA模式，并且：（a）美洲驼和原驼具有无法区分的模式，支持了前者是后者的驯化形式这一观点；（b）小羊驼模式具有物种特异性，与其在单独分类单元中的位置一致；（c）羊驼中存在介于上述物种之间的BamHI、TaqI和EcoRI模式，这表明羊驼的起源可能是原驼和小羊驼杂交的结果。
