Egami F
J Biochem. 1975 Jun;77(6):1165-9.
In this paper we speculate on the origin and early evolution of transition element enzymes. Iron, molybdenum, and zinc, the most abundant transition elements in seawater, presumably complexed with compounds accumulated in the primeval sea in the course of chemical evolution forming compounds with subsequently evolved to form proenzymes or early enzymes with low activity and broad specificity. Iron complexes may be regarded as precursors of electron transfer enzymes, molybdenum complexes as precursors of enzymes involved in the metabolism of small molecules, and zinc complexes as precursors of hydrolytic and transferring enzymes, including enzymes participating in the metabolism of macromolecules and information transfer. The different iron, molybdenum, and zinc enzymes found in bacteria including Clostridium may then have arisen through specialization by increases in the enzyme specificity of these proenzymes. Copper would have been incorporated as an enzyme constituent after the elevation of environmental redox potential, probably due to the accumulation of atmospheric oxygen.
在本文中，我们推测了过渡元素酶的起源和早期进化。铁、钼和锌是海水中最丰富的过渡元素，它们可能与化学进化过程中原始海洋中积累的化合物络合，形成化合物，随后进化形成低活性和广泛特异性的酶原或早期酶。铁络合物可被视为电子传递酶的前体，钼络合物可被视为参与小分子代谢的酶的前体，锌络合物可被视为水解和转移酶的前体，包括参与大分子代谢和信息传递的酶。包括梭菌属在内的细菌中发现的不同的铁、钼和锌酶可能是通过提高这些酶原的酶特异性而产生的。铜可能是在环境氧化还原电位升高后作为酶的组成成分被纳入的，这可能是由于大气中氧气的积累。
