Nonsurgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients.

Modern imaging modalities have allowed us to make reliable diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most of HCCs are associated with liver cirrhosis in varying stages of severity and often accompanied by new occurrences of HCC after treatment. Now, newly developed nonsurgical therapeutic modalities are used extensively and achieve good results in terms of anti-tumor effects as well as post-treatment survival.