Stivalet P, Marendaz C, Barraclough L, Mourareau C
Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées, La Tronche, France.
J Vestib Res. 1995 Mar-Apr;5(2):125-35.
To see if the spatial reference frame used by pre-attentive vision is specified in a retino-centered frame or in a reference frame integrating visual and nonvisual information (vestibular and somatosensory), subjects were centrifuged in a non-pendular cabin and were asked to search for a target distinguishable from distractors by difference in orientation (Treisman's "pop-out" paradigm [1]). In a control condition, in which subjects were sitting immobilized but not centrifuged, this task gave an asymmetric search pattern: Search was rapid and pre-attentional except when the target was aligned with the horizontal retinal/head axis, in which case search was slow and attentional (2). Results using a centrifuge showed that slow/serial search patterns were obtained when the target was aligned with the subjective horizontal axis (and not with the horizontal retinal/head axis). These data suggest that a multisensory reference frame is used in pre-attentive vision. The results are interpreted in terms of Riccio and Stoffregen's "ecological theory" of orientation in which the vertical and horizontal axes constitute independent reference frames (3).
为了探究前注意视觉所使用的空间参照系是在以视网膜为中心的参照系中确定的，还是在整合了视觉和非视觉信息（前庭和体感）的参照系中确定的，研究人员让受试者在一个非摆锤式座舱中进行离心旋转，并要求他们在一系列干扰物中搜索一个通过方向差异可与干扰物区分开的目标（特雷斯曼的“凸显”范式[1]）。在一个对照条件下，即受试者坐着不动但不进行离心旋转，这个任务呈现出一种不对称的搜索模式：除了目标与水平视网膜/头部轴对齐的情况外，搜索速度很快且是前注意的，在这种情况下搜索速度很慢且需要注意力（2）。使用离心机的实验结果表明，当目标与主观水平轴对齐（而非与水平视网膜/头部轴对齐）时，会出现缓慢/串行搜索模式。这些数据表明，前注意视觉使用的是多感官参照系。研究结果依据里西奥和斯托夫雷根的方向“生态理论”进行解释，在该理论中，垂直轴和水平轴构成独立的参照系（3）。
