Clarke L
University of Brighton, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, England.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 Mar;21(3):584-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1995.tb02744.x.
Some aspects of qualitative and quantitative approaches to nursing research are described, with particular emphasis on the critical assessment of the qualitative approach. While common objections to quantitative (statistical) studies are mentioned, the main thrust is against the lack of generalizability of much contemporary qualitative work. Concepts of validity and reliability are additionally scrutinized in the context of their use by ethnographers. Grounded theory is a primary focus since it harbours most of the departures--and terminology--of the non-quantitative schools. It is surmised that much of what passes as qualitative research is really a creative activity akin to the writing of the poem or novel.
本文描述了护理研究中定性和定量方法的一些方面，特别强调了对定性方法的批判性评估。虽然提到了对定量（统计）研究的常见反对意见，但主要矛头指向的是许多当代定性研究缺乏普遍性。此外，还在人种志学者使用有效性和可靠性概念的背景下对其进行了审视。扎根理论是主要关注点，因为它包含了非定量学派的大部分背离——以及术语。据推测，许多被视为定性研究的内容实际上是一种类似于诗歌或小说创作的创造性活动。
