Krikorian R, Kay J, Liang W M
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0559, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1995 May;183(5):293-8. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199505000-00003.
Fifty-seven ambulatory, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients at various stages of disease progression and 17 HIV seronegative controls were examined in a cross-sectional study with self-administered measures of emotional distress, coping, and adjustment to illness. All infected and control subjects were homosexual or bisexual and free of acute medical illness. The findings indicated that both uninfected and infected subjects had enhanced emotional distress in a variety of domains. However, while somatic and cognitive-ruminative complaints were greater in symptomatic subjects relative to controls, depression and anxiety were not. Professed coping strategies were heterogeneous and not particularly related to HIV diagnostic status, with the exception of planful problem solving which was decreased for acquired immune deficiency syndrome subjects. Disruption in several aspects of daily life adjustment was markedly increased in symptomatic subjects. The findings suggest that both HIV seropositive status and perceived risk for infection produce a sustained level of generalized psychological distress. Even in the absence of current medical illness, patients with advanced disease progression are concerned primarily with anticipated medical implications and cognitive effectiveness.
在一项横断面研究中，对57名处于疾病进展不同阶段的门诊人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者和17名HIV血清阴性对照者进行了检查，采用自我管理的方式测量情绪困扰、应对方式和对疾病的适应情况。所有感染组和对照组受试者均为同性恋或双性恋，且无急性内科疾病。研究结果表明，未感染和感染受试者在多个领域的情绪困扰都有所增加。然而，有症状的受试者相对于对照组，躯体和认知反刍性抱怨更多，但抑郁和焦虑情况并非如此。除了获得性免疫缺陷综合征受试者有计划的问题解决能力下降外，自称的应对策略多种多样，且与HIV诊断状态没有特别的关联。有症状的受试者在日常生活调整的几个方面的干扰明显增加。研究结果表明，HIV血清阳性状态和感知到的感染风险都会产生持续的一般性心理困扰。即使目前没有内科疾病，疾病进展到晚期的患者主要关心的还是预期的医学影响和认知效能。
