Stankiewicz M, Cabaj W, Jonas W E, Moore L G, Millar K, Ng Chie W
AgResearch, Wallaceville Animal Research Centre, Upper Hutt, New Zealand.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1995 Feb;44(3-4):347-58. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(94)05308-f.
In view of the extensive use of anthelmintics in sheep and the fact that their activity may in part depend upon the immune system, we were interested to determine if ivermectin had any influence on aspects of the sheep immune response. Ten parasite-free 6-month-old lambs were drenched with ivermectin and 1 day later were given intravenously human erythrocytes and subcutaneously ovalbumin. Ten other lambs with injected antigens were not drenched and served as controls. Both groups were bled at intervals for cells and serum. The procedure was repeated on day 28. Lymphocytes from the drenched lambs, cultured in vitro in RPMI plus 50% autologous serum collected up to 7 and 14 days after the first and second antigen injections respectively, had decreased blastogenic activity compared with lymphocytes from control lambs. Similar results were obtained with lymphocytes cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 50% autologous serum plus concanavalin A (Con A) or phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). When washed, lymphocytes were cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 5% foetal calf serum (FCS) or 5% FCS plus Con A or PHA, decreased blastogenesis was observed but blastogenesis depression was not as marked as that observed with autologous serum. Similar antibody responses were seen for the drenched and control groups in response to the two injections of both antigens except that after the second injection, there was a significant reduction in antibody response to ovalbumin in the ivermectin-treated lambs. There were no differences in serum complement or serum nitric oxide levels between the two groups at any stage, but insulin-like growth factor-1 levels were significantly reduced in serum of the ivermectin-treated group, 4 days after each drench. Growth hormone levels were consistently significantly higher 22 days after both drenchings. There was no difference in mean body weight increase between the groups during the experiment.
鉴于驱虫药在绵羊中的广泛使用以及其活性可能部分依赖于免疫系统这一事实，我们有兴趣确定伊维菌素是否对绵羊免疫反应的各个方面有任何影响。10只6个月大无寄生虫的羔羊用伊维菌素灌服，1天后静脉注射人红细胞并皮下注射卵清蛋白。另外10只注射了抗原的羔羊未进行灌服，作为对照。两组均定期采血以获取细胞和血清。在第28天重复该过程。与对照羔羊的淋巴细胞相比，在分别于第一次和第二次抗原注射后7天和14天收集的含50%自体血清的RPMI培养基中体外培养的经灌服羔羊的淋巴细胞，其增殖活性降低。在补充有50%自体血清加刀豆球蛋白A（Con A）或植物血凝素（PHA）的RPMI 1640培养基中培养的淋巴细胞也得到了类似结果。当洗涤后的淋巴细胞在补充有5%胎牛血清（FCS）或5% FCS加Con A或PHA的RPMI 1640培养基中培养时，观察到增殖降低，但增殖抑制不如用自体血清时明显。除了在第二次注射后，伊维菌素处理的羔羊对卵清蛋白的抗体反应显著降低外，在对两种抗原进行两次注射后，灌服组和对照组的抗体反应相似。在任何阶段，两组之间的血清补体或血清一氧化氮水平均无差异，但在每次灌服后4天，伊维菌素处理组的血清中胰岛素样生长因子-1水平显著降低。在两次灌服后22天，生长激素水平一直显著较高。在实验期间，两组之间的平均体重增加没有差异。
