Diekert G, Wohlfarth G
Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Stuttgart, Germany.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1994;66(1-3):209-21. doi: 10.1007/BF00871640.
Homoacetogenic bacteria are strictly anaerobic microorganisms that catalyze the formation of acetate from C1 units in their energy metabolism. Most of these organisms are able to grow at the expense of hydrogen plus CO2 as the sole energy source. Hydrogen then serves as the electron donor for CO2 reduction to acetate. The methyl group of acetate is formed from CO2 via formate and reduced C1 intermediates bound to tetrahydrofolate. The carboxyl group is derived from carbon monoxide, which is synthesized from CO2 by carbon monoxide dehydrogenase. The latter enzyme also catalyzes the formation of acetyl-CoA from the methyl group plus CO. Acetyl-CoA is then converted either to acetate in the catabolism or to cell carbon in the anabolism of the bacteria. The homoacetogens are very versatile anaerobes, which convert a variety of different substrates to acetate as the major end product.
同型产乙酸菌是严格厌氧的微生物，它们在能量代谢中催化从C1单位形成乙酸盐。这些微生物中的大多数能够以氢气加二氧化碳作为唯一能量来源进行生长。氢气随后作为电子供体，用于将二氧化碳还原为乙酸盐。乙酸盐的甲基由二氧化碳通过甲酸和与四氢叶酸结合的还原型C1中间体形成。羧基来自一氧化碳，一氧化碳由一氧化碳脱氢酶从二氧化碳合成。后一种酶还催化甲基加一氧化碳形成乙酰辅酶A。然后，乙酰辅酶A在细菌的分解代谢中转化为乙酸盐，或在合成代谢中转化为细胞碳。同型产乙酸菌是非常多样的厌氧菌，它们将各种不同的底物转化为乙酸盐作为主要终产物。
